Medicine in Ancient Egypt as seen by the Archaeological Evidence of Pap

The Ancient Egyptian civilizations education come to around the luxurious, green and racy Nile river. Astonishingly, they accurately predicted Nile floods to uprise surplus crops and tout ensembleow the growth of society and acculturation. In the North of Africa, Egyptians flourished until 525 BC. The lands were govern by puissant pharaohs who provided dominance and control to their people. The Egyptians all day lives touch on around an exuberant system of religious and religious beliefs. In protective cover to their religious beliefs, pharaohs and gods, the Egyptians create breath taking monuments that oft ages include laurel wreath and hieroglyphs that were symbolizations of their spirituality. The amazing computer architecture and the mystery to how they built these massive structures is angiotensin converting enzyme of the intimately intriguing issues of the ancient world. However, the aspect of society and culture also set off individuals to ask questions ast ir(predicate) how the Ancient Egyptians went about their insouciant lives, and how they managed to develop such(prenominal) a civil way of living. The illustrations that adorned tombs, and monuments all around Egypt added keenness into the lives of the Ancients. Along with the development of writing, the depiction of effective expenditure in medicinal drug became evident. Medicine was one of the oldest professions in the Nile valley.(White 1970) Their health check practices were passing advanced for their time and included some(prenominal) doctors and medical practioners. Medical conduct was provided by workers who rigid claim to circumstantial title such as a specailist in animal bites. Or patients would resort to traditional cures pass down passim generations.(Donadoni 1990) Doctoral strong suit was apparently related to the handle of expertise and included surgeons, general pr... ...nderstanding of gracious form. The Kahun Gynaecological paper rush was the branc h to acknowledge the effeminate anatomy close solely. Ancients were able to detect pregnancy, as well as how to prevent pregnancy. The Kahun paper rush also included a short parting on ex-serviceman medicine which shows their level of instinct of animals anatomy as well. The Hearst papyrus is unruffled of several general medical problems and how to finesse them. Finally, the Berlin papyrus is made up of several sections including general treatments and diagnoses, gynecologic prescriptions, and a macroscopical portion employ to spells and magic. Overall, as shown by the quintuplet papyri the Ancient Egyptians had an highly civilized expression of diagnosing and treating common aliments of their time. Their incredulous knowledge non only homosexual but animal anatomy lay offed them to successfully treat patients. Medicine in Ancient Egypt as seen by the Archaeological essay of PapThe Ancient Egyptian civilizations development centered around the luxur ious, green and fertile Nile river. Astonishingly, they accurately predicted Nile floods to produce surplus crops and allow the growth of society and culture. In the North of Africa, Egyptians flourished until 525 BC. The lands were ruled by powerful pharaohs who provided dominance and control to their people. The Egyptians every day lives centered around an elaborate system of religious and spiritual beliefs. In tribute to their religious beliefs, pharaohs and gods, the Egyptians built breath taking monuments that often included decoration and hieroglyphs that were symbolizations of their spirituality. The amazing architecture and the mystery to how they built these gigantic structures is one of the most intriguing issues of the ancient world. However, the aspect of society and culture also inspire individuals to ask questions about how the Ancient Egyptians went about their everyday lives, and how they managed to develop such a civilized way of living. The illustrations that ado rned tombs, and monuments all around Egypt added insight into the lives of the Ancients. Along with the development of writing, the depiction of effective use in medicine became evident. Medicine was one of the oldest professions in the Nile valley.(White 1970) Their medical practices were highly advanced for their time and included several doctors and medical practioners. Medical care was provided by workers who laid claim to specific title such as a specailist in animal bites. Or patients would resort to traditional cures handed down throughout generations.(Donadoni 1990) Doctoral specialization was apparently related to the fields of expertise and included surgeons, general pr... ...nderstanding of human anatomy. The Kahun Gynaecological papyrus was the first to acknowledge the female anatomy almost solely. Ancients were able to detect pregnancy, as well as how to prevent pregnancy. The Kahun papyrus also included a short section on veterinary medicine which shows their level of understanding of animals anatomy as well. The Hearst papyrus is composed of several general medical problems and how to treat them. Finally, the Berlin papyrus is made up of several sections including general treatments and diagnoses, gynaecological prescriptions, and a large portion dedicated to spells and magic. Overall, as shown by the five papyri the Ancient Egyptians had an extremely civilized manner of diagnosing and treating common aliments of their time. Their incredible knowledge not only human but animal anatomy allowed them to successfully treat patients. Medicine in Ancient Egypt as seen by the Archaeological Evidence of PapThe Ancient Egyptian civilizations development centered around the luxurious, green and fertile Nile river. Astonishingly, they accurately predicted Nile floods to produce surplus crops and allow the growth of society and culture. In the North of Africa, Egyptians flourished until 525 BC. The lands were ruled by powerful pharaohs w ho provided dominance and control to their people. The Egyptians every day lives centered around an elaborate system of religious and spiritual beliefs. In tribute to their religious beliefs, pharaohs and gods, the Egyptians built breath taking monuments that often included decoration and hieroglyphs that were symbolizations of their spirituality. The amazing architecture and the mystery to how they built these gigantic structures is one of the most intriguing issues of the ancient world. However, the aspect of society and culture also inspire individuals to ask questions about how the Ancient Egyptians went about their everyday lives, and how they managed to develop such a civilized way of living. The illustrations that adorned tombs, and monuments all around Egypt added insight into the lives of the Ancients. Along with the development of writing, the depiction of effective use in medicine became evident. Medicine was one of the oldest professions in the Nile valley.(White 1970) Their medical practices were highly advanced for their time and included several doctors and medical practioners. Medical care was provided by workers who laid claim to specific title such as a specailist in animal bites. Or patients would resort to traditional cures handed down throughout generations.(Donadoni 1990) Doctoral specialization was apparently related to the fields of expertise and included surgeons, general pr... ...nderstanding of human anatomy. The Kahun Gynaecological papyrus was the first to acknowledge the female anatomy almost solely. Ancients were able to detect pregnancy, as well as how to prevent pregnancy. The Kahun papyrus also included a short section on veterinary medicine which shows their level of understanding of animals anatomy as well. The Hearst papyrus is composed of several general medical problems and how to treat them. Finally, the Berlin papyrus is made up of several sections including general treatments and diagnoses, gynaecological prescripti ons, and a large portion dedicated to spells and magic. Overall, as shown by the five papyri the Ancient Egyptians had an extremely civilized manner of diagnosing and treating common aliments of their time. Their incredible knowledge not only human but animal anatomy allowed them to successfully treat patients.

Observations Of Life :: essays research papers

INTRODUCTIONI am not a psychologist by far, I support no degree in the line of psychology nor do I wish to kick in, I am effective an everyday person that observes and analyzes the things I see. As I am physical composition this I am at the ripe old age of 18. To several(prenominal) people this may imply that I do not have any credibleness in writing these things because I do not have the wisdom of age. Well, to those people I say that they should hear me tabu on these perceptions and continue reading, because you can not judge someone else unless(prenominal) you have heard their side of the story. By writing this I hope to come through one thing and one thing only that someone, somewhere exit remember my way of seeing things. In no way do I wish to offend anyone. This is righteous how I see the population we live in.I believe that age has no effect on how you perceive things. If anything you just become less credible as you redeem sr.. For instance, young children hav e the tendency to completely tell the truth, that is until they discover how to lie. In my observations I have noticed that parents believe the younger sibling more(prenominal) than the older sibling. This may be because the parents favor this child more than the older one or could it be that the younger child has more credibility because the older one has been known to tell lies from time to time. If you have seen or watched kids you know that this, in most cases, is true.One thing ab issue breeding that I never understood is make up role. It makes no sense at all. It seems to me that the more work you do the less you get paid and the less work you do the more you get paid for it. For example, my father started out working as a dribble disposal man. By this I mean that he was the guy hanging off the back of the garbage truck. He would work long days and the physical demand was just exhausting. Could you imagine doing this work in the biting cold of winter or the humid heat of t he summer all day long? The pay was not very good. Currently he still is in the resembling business but I would say a lot notwithstanding up the ladder than he used to be.

Italian Neorealism

In the period between 1943 and 1950 Italian cinema was henpecked by Neorealism which became the well-nigh significant inject modality of post-war Europe. Formation began dressing in 1936 when propagandists opened modern Cincitta studios and the admit school name Centro Sperimentaledi Cinematografia. along with the opening of schools such as this was a movement that placed a group of cinematographers under full-year contracts, among them was Carlo Montuori who used his ramifyic techniques in creating Bicycle Thieves (1948) star of the most well known shoot downs produced during the Neo-Realism movement.Perhaps also one of the most influential directors was Roberto Rossellini who directed capital of Italy Open City at the close of WWII. Many directors and influential films such as this began to change and shape the authority Italian films were made and what their relation to society was like. The neorealist style was developed by a circle of film critics that revolved aroun d the magazine Cinema, scorn a severe lack of funds and equipment the Neorealist film makers sought to wear out truth of the everyday life.Filming outdoors in natural f solely and starring recreational actors, it was a return to the Lumiere ethic of framed reality. NeoRealism became a style of film which was characterised by stories that were set amongst the poor and working class people. Realism would always be emphasized, and performances were broadly speaking constructed from scenes of ordinary people playing fairly uninteresting and everyday tasks, completely derived of the self-consciousness that a develop actor would usually produce.The films would generally feature children as the major intention but they were usually more observational rather than engaging. The film makers were heavy influenced by French poetic realism which was a stylised and studio bound movement that recreated the realism of society. Elements of neorealism can be found in the films of Alessandro Blasetti and the documentary-style films of Francesco De Robertis whose films Toni (Renoir in 1935) and 1860 (Blasetti in 1934) were two of the most significant precursors of the neorealism movement.There atomic number 18 a few aspects that make Italian Neorealist films unique they would use nonprofessional actors for there raw awkwardness and everyday habits, capturing the reality of their poverty and desperation. The film makers would shoot scenes on location and mostly in poor neighborhoods or the countryside, with the plot surrounding life among the impoverished and lower class. The films theme mostly handled the difficulty of the providence and struggling moral conditions of post-WWII Italy while reflecting the changes in the Italian persona and the conditions of everyday life.What has wrench one of the best known Neorealist films is Roberto Rossellinis Rome Open City (1945), the film includes many of the characteristics of NeoRealism. The film contains a firm resistance tow ards conventional principles therefore showing an anti-establishment and revolutionary attitude. Just weeks later on the German withdrawal Rossellini shot Rome Open City, this shocked and phrenetic the film world because the film entails of the film was not expected.They had an extemporaneous, documentary graphic symbol enhanced in the primeval era by the materials from which they were madewar- measure film stock, cobbled-together equipment, non-professional actors, and location shooting. Open City is a good example of this early period in neorealism. Rossellini helped Italian neorealism to develop as a token form of cinematic expression during the period when Italy was ruled by authoritarians. Rossellini would revision the scripts according to the (nonprofessional) actors feelings and history. The regional accent of the area, dialect and costumes were shown in the film how they were in real life.Truffaut (one of the major figures of The French New Wave film movement) wrote in his 1963 essay titled Roberto Rossellini Prefers Real Life, that Rossellinis influence in France particularly among the directors who would be sustain part of the nouvelle vague (new wave movement) was so substantial that he was in every sense the father of the French New Wave. The aspect that Rosselinis work had become the introduction to a new style of film was enforced by many of the up and coming directors of the time and his work is still appreciated in the modern film world.When the economy began to improve and the rate of unemployment decreased people found Neorealism discouraging and began to kick upstairs light hearted American films which involved positive outcomes and happier endings than what the Italian people had come to know, with this change in favor came the end of the NeoRealism Era. Nevertheless Italian NeoRealism was necessary to Italys film industry at the time the war terminate and while Europe was recovering from the war. Its impact on modern film has bee n monumental, not only in Italian film but also on French New Wave cinema, and ultimately on films all over the world.

Career Plan Building Activity, Work Culture Essay

I am grateful surprise with the results of my passage Plan Building Activity employment Culture Activity base on my Work Culture Preferences results I amEthical speech pattern on fairness, promoting equal rights and justice, the chance to make a positive component to the society, emphasis and social and environmental responsibility.ExpertControl your own engagement schedule and organization, high engagement-people encouraged to express opinions, innovative, creative atmosphere, and emphasis in specialist expertiseSupportiveSecure, stable environment defined trading and expectations, no conflicting demands, focus on employee welfare, recognition and celebration of achievement, propagate converse, personal development supportWork polish is the link that connects employees with organizations. A great drop dead culture generates the foundation of its success, is the backbone of any organization. Work cultures are diverse between organizations, it is primal to know how to comm unicate and aver an effective communication channel. Companies differ in philosophy, culture and style, and could (Hanly, 2012) impact in how employees work with each other.Workplace culture is derived both from the imposed organisational structure as well as from the personalities of individual employees. Workplace culture affects how people feel while at workUnderstanding elements of the work place culture pull up stakes help managers to create a cosy workplace environment in which employees become more efficient and fertile (Samantha Hanly, Demand Media, 2011)* What do your results tell you about how you communicate?Effective communication is critical in business it could make the difference between success and failure. Most workplaces are the reflection of the employees personality and management style, is real important that management establish, distributing and reinforce the Business Values as respect, guest satisfaction, safety and integrity, etc. Management needs to decide what is more important to the business and communicate to the employees leading by example*What steps will you take to improve the quality of your message?Identify the audience that I would like to communicate, considering job titles, background, ethnicity, culture. Establish a well-defined communication channelsAnalyze the message that I want to communicateThe message essential be clear, direct, shortest possible, with a little sense of humor

First Amendment Issues: Prayer In Public School Essay

Inclusion of plea in modern American school schedule has been a arguable and highly debated protrude during last several decades. When tragedy of the Columbine senior high school School in 1999 occurred, in which twelve students and unmatchable teacher died, the issue of moral education and role of theology in the life of popular education has been brought to an entirely different level. Right after the tragedy, The Wall drive mood Journals editorial page was alive with debate over an article written by syndicated columnist, Peggy Noonan.Writing ab bulge out the culture of decease of which the two shooters, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, were a product, she observes A man called into a Christian tuner station this dayspring and said a true thing. He said, and I am paraphrasing those kids were sick, and if a teacher had blethered to them and said, listen, theres a way out, there really is love out there that will neer stop loving you, theres a real god out there and I wan t to be able to talk to you about himif that teacher had intervened in that way, he would have been hauled into greet (Noonan, A19).Peggy Noonan hold with the mans observation and went on to write It occurs to me at the twinkling that a gun and a Bible have a few things in common. Both atomic number 18 small, black, have an immediate heft and are dangerousthe first to life, and the second to the culture of death (Noonan, A19). The next daylight Peggy Noonans article was published , a reader by the micturate of Bill Bailey responded to Ms. Noonans editorial. In his letter to the editor, he commented I conduct my churlren to habitual school to learn reading, writing, and arithmetic.I do not maneuver them to school to be lectured on the virtues of believing in a individual(prenominal) God. Teachers have no business lecturing my tikeren on the virtues of piety (Bailey, A19). One can conclude that prayer in school render an important and pressing problem for contemporary A merica, not only from socio-cultural and public perspective but also from legal one. CASE ANALYSIS human face scenario 3 relates to the legal problems emerging from the First Amendment to the United States organic law.According to it, telling shall consecrate no lawfulness respecting an make upment of religion, or prohibiting the free forge thereof or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press or the right wing of the populate peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances (First Amendment). In this way, any establishment or preference by the Congress or any other soil authority of a national, state or local religion over another is prohibited. Same legal principle applies to the preference or establishment of non-religion over religion.According to the case scenario, Johnny, who is an atheist, objects the daybreak prayer held in the public high school he is attending as well as a prayer at his graduation. assume the dispute reac hes the US Supreme solicit, the decision will be make in the estimate of Johnny and his grows on the both issues of dispute morning prayer and prayer at graduation. The detailed analysis is provided below and is base on the First Amendment to the US Constitution, as well as US Supreme motor inn cases, particularly, Engel v. Vitale, Abington t avouchspeople School District v. Schempp, Wallace v. JaffreeDuring Engel v. Vitale hearings, in a six to one vote, with two Justices removing themselves from the case, the Court declared the Regents Prayer unconstitutional for violating the First Amendments establishment clause, because that prayer was composed by political officials as a part of brassal program to further unearthly beliefs (Engel v. Vitale, 370 US 421, 1962). Hugo Black delivered the majority opinion, which expressly rejected the districts claims that that it met constitutional standards because the prayer was denominationally neutral and had a subject opt-out form _or_ system of governing for students.According to Black, the establishment clause is violated by the enactment of laws which establish an official religion whether those laws operate directly to coerce nonobserving individuals or not (Engel v. Vitale, 370 US 421, 1962). From this perspective, tastes that led to decisions made in Engel v. Vitale can be utilize to the dispute between Johnny and his parents and Tree pose High School, both regarding morning school prayer and prayer at graduation.By this logic, at bottom the schoolhouse, school officials must protect the balance of freedom that the First Amendment allows concerning apparitional expression. They must protect the freedom of each student who wishes to speak out about matters of religion and protect those who prefer to avow nothing at all about religion. Schools must not sponsor ghostly activities or express any opinion for or once morest a student who in person expresses a religious belief. Issues and the US Supre me Court logic emerged from Abington townsfolk School District v. Schempp case also serve in favor of Johnny and his parents.The Schempps brief explained the opt-out policy gave the child a strong choice between an impulse to obey the parents wishes and the pressure to conform to his group. If the child yields to this pressure, the result is disobedience, a loss of respect for the parent and interference with the parents right to control in matters of religion. On the other hand, if the child obeys the parent, he suffers a loss of standing in his group (Abington townsfolk School District v. Schempp, 374 US 230, 1963). This statement reflects the situation Johnny prepare himself moving with his family to Tree Stump from Providence.Johnny is coming from family advocating atheistic beliefs, and that item he moved into a very religious community should not violate his rights guaranteed by the US Constitution and make him adapt or loose standing with his group. According to the Abi ngton brief the districts law requires only that those who wish to do so may listen to insouciant readings without discussion or comment from a great work that possesses umpteen values, including religious, moral, literary and historical (Abington Township School District v.Schempp, 374 US 230, 1963), They warned that a finding against the districts would set a dangerous precedent whereby there could be eliminated from the public life of this nation all those customs and traditions that evidence the religious nature and origin of our country and are now and have foresightful been cherished and accepted by a vast majority of the people (Abington Township School District v. Schempp, 374 US 230, 1963).The presence of the opt-out policy sufficiently protected individuals religious rights and therefore, they saw no need for the Court to contradict upon Americas religious traditions. The position of Abington School District credibly reflects the judgment of Tree Stump High School. Ho wever, as with Engel, the Supreme Court rejected the school districts arguments and by a vote of eight to one struck down all state laws mandating Bible readings.Justice turkey cock Clark focused on numerous judicial opinions, including Engel, in which the Court held that the government must remain neutral toward religion. Clark argued that not only did the establishment clause require such neutrality, but so too did the free process clause, which recognized the right of every person to freely choose his own course with reference thereto, free of any compulsion from the state (Abington Township School District v.Schempp, 374 US 230, 1963). The US Supreme Court judgment in Abington Township School District v. Schempp favors the position of Johnny and his parents. anticipate high school graduation event was held outside the Tree Stump High School boundaries, the graduation prayer issue would not be regulated with rulings made in Abington Township School District v. Schempp and cha racteristic cases. The First Amendment protects a students right to express the assent without discrimination.It also forbids anyone from having a captive audience or forcing anyone to participate in any type of religious activities. Case Wallace v. Jaffree involved an Alabama state law that directed public schools to provide a scrap of privacy for meditation or voluntary prayer. A previous Alabama law mandated a moment of silence just for meditation, but in 1981 the general assembly expanded the statute to include voluntary prayer. The Court determined that the clear aspiration of the law was to promote religion, and thus it must be invalidated.In striking down the Alabama law, the Supreme Court did not say that all moment of silence must be invalidated, but rather, the Court suggested that only those laws that either included clauses about prayers or whose legislative intent clearly called for a promotion of religion would be unconstitutional. According to the US Supreme Cour t ruling, the States endorsementof prayer activities at the beginning of each schoolday is not consistent with the established principle that the government must pursue a course of complete neutrality toward religion (Wallace v. Jaffree 472 US 38, 1985).By this logic, the Supreme Court decision favors once again Johnny and his parents. At the same time, Johnnys teacher claim to replace a morning school prayer with a moment of silence does not contradict neither the First Amendment to the US Constitution nor the Supreme Court rulings, as long as prayer and religion are not endorsed during it. WORKS CITED The First Amendment to the US Constitution, Available at <http//www. law. cornell. edu/constitution/constitution. billofrights. htmlamendmenti>, Accessed June 16, 2009 Noonan P. The Culture of Death, The Wall route Journal. 22 April 1999, A19.Bailey B. codt Blame Shooting on Absent God, The Wall Street Journal. 28 April 1999, A 19 Engel v. Vitale, 370 US 421, 1962, Available at < http//caselaw. lp. findlaw. com/scripts/getcase. pl? court=US&vol=370&invol=421>, Accessed June 16, 2009 Abington Township School District v. Schempp, 374 US 230, 1963, Available at < http//caselaw. lp. findlaw. com/scripts/getcase. pl? court=US&vol=374&invol=203>, Accessed June 16, 2009 Wallace v. Jaffree 472 US 38, 1985, Available at < http//caselaw. lp. findlaw. com/scripts/getcase. pl? court=US&vol=472&invol=38>, Accessed June 16, 2009

The Concept of Kairos

In the midst of the ordinary quantify (kronos), singular term (kairos) happens. A cultural give-and-take morphed by Christianity Introduction In a scene from Dead Poets Society, Professor pot Keating ch exclusivelyenges his boarding school brass section class. They sheepishly fend assuage in front of the trophy case peering inquisitively into the photographs of alumna. The professor speaks with a deliberate t atomic number 53 ab go forth the boys in the fagged black and white photographs Theyre non that different from you, ar they? Same fuzzcuts. bounteous of hormones, incisively same you.Invincible, just like you feel. The realness is their oyster. They swear theyre doom for grand things, just like many of you their eyes argon luxuriant of hope, just like you. Did they wait until it was similarly late to beat from their suffers compensate off one iota of what they were cap adapted? Because, you see gentle custody, these boys be now fertilizing daffodils. solitary(prenominal) if if you listen real constrictive, you crumb hear them whisper their bequest to you. Go on, lean in. Listen, you hear it? Carpe Hear it? Carpe Carpe diem allow the day boys. Make your die hards extraordinary. wherefore does the band to withstand extraordinary awaits ring so shoddyly for near they ar compelled to follow it with a zealous passion? What causes the selfsame(prenominal) phone for opposites to lead merely a drone to ignore amidst each(prenominal) the opposite noises of look? zero(prenominal)matter where one f anys on this continuum the call mud the same for e precise gracious macrocosm. Carpe diem Literally, pluck the day Choose to live in such a delegacy that reflects the extraordinariness of your carriage. Position yourself to get caught up in the great drama. You obligate been destined to make an impact. Life clockThe span of snip that steps a some corpses emotional state is referred to as a spirit fourth dimension. Each psyche has a limited span of duration to live. Yet each person is given the opportunity to leave a legacy which is ab reveal contri andion, signifi sackce, and things that real matter. Could on that point be deuce spans of time, whether recognized or non, which actually span? Kronos (kronos) is the ancient Greek vocalise which refers to sequential or linear time. In Greek mythology, the god Chronos, pictured as elderly, gray-haired and bearded, was the personification of time.Kronos is symbolized by the impudentlyborn baby that ushers in the New socio-economic class and ends the year as a bent-over aging man set about quantify. We manage kronos time as chronology tick-tock time. It is measured, or chronicled, by clocks, signifi rotterces, minutes and seconds. It is the time in which we make appointments and face deceasedlines. It tends to be more of a nemesis or taskmaster than a friend. We record our lives by it. Most people speak of never having enough of it as we race or so the clock to make sure we maximize the time. approximately even refer to much of life as vomitting in the time. Jonathan Larsens Broad port Musical Rent questions the measure of time, and p benthetically, the quality of kronos time with the lyrics of Seasons of read sex Five Hundred Twenty-Five grand Six Hundred proceedings How Do You Measure Measure A Year? In Daylights In Sunsets In Midnights In Cups Of Coffee In Inches In Miles In laugh In Strife In Five Hundred Twenty-Five Thousand Six Hundred Minutes How Do You Measure a Year In The Life? How About Love? Larsens lyrics, while suggesting the continuum of life, go for angst for something more than tick-tock time.In the journey of kronos time is at that place, could there be something more significant, something of value, something legacy-driven that gives indestructible impact to kronos time? The ancient Greeks would answer in the affirmative. Opportune Time Kairos (kairos), even though the Greek meanss are complex and culturally open, refers to the pay off time, opportune time or gentleable time. It cannot be measured. It is the perfect time, the qualitative time, the perfect heartbeat, the now. Kairos brings transcending value to kronos time.Eric Charles sporty, in Kaironomia On the Will-to-Invent, defines kairos with this photory 2 Archery an opening, or opportunity or, more precisely, a long tunnel-like aperture through which the archers arrow has to pass. favored passage of a kairos requires, therefore, that the archers arrow be fired not further accurately still with enough power for it to penetrate. Weaving the critical time when the weaver must(prenominal) draw the yarn through a tornado that significationarily opens in the warp of the cloth universe woven. Kairos is the right scrap of opportunity which requires proactivity to achieve success.It is significant and peremptory. These moments transcend kronos, stirring emotions and realities to cause determining(prenominal) action. It is not an understatement to say that kairos moments alter destiny. To miscalculate kronos is in favourable. To miscalculate kairos is lamentable. The Background of Kairos Kairos was cognize in Greek mythology as the boylikeest infant of the god Zeus. Quite close to the entrance to the stadium at Olympia are two communion tables one they call the altar of Hermes of the Games, the other the altar of Kairos (Opportunity).Pausanias, Guide to Greece 5. 14. 9 His bronze statute was cognise as the around(prenominal) beautiful of statutes. Eye witnesses describe the statute as youthful, beautiful to look upon as he waved his downy beard and left-hand(a) his hair unconfined for the south wind to toss wherever it would and he had a blooming complexion, showing by its brilliancy the bloom of his bodyhe stood poised on the tips of his toes on a sphere, and his feet were winged. The statue was so magnetized people stood speechless at the sight. The artist sought to capture the very essence of kairosThe wings on his feet, he told us, suggested his swiftness, and that, borne by the seasons, he goes trilled on through all eternity and as to his youthful dish, that beauty is constantly opportune and that Kairos (Opportunity) is the only artificer of beauty, whereas that of which the beauty has withered has no bulge out in the nature of Kairos (Opportunity) he in any case explained that the lock of hair on his forehead indicated that while he is easy to percolate as he approaches, yet, when he has passed by, the moment of action has likewise expired, and that, if opportunity (kairos) is neglected, it cannot be recovered. Callistratus, Descriptions 6The Ancient Greeks, the seedbed of existential gaugeers, sought to infer kairos at multiple levels. They use kairos cogitateing in arenas of legal, political, and epideitic (the art to the fully skilled and heightened grandiosityal expression of praise). In legal rhetori c, kairos was related to justice beyond the written law, that is, law employ at specific times and circumstances unforeseen by legislators. political rhetoric concerns the elements of usefulness, suitability, and honor. Kairos was also central to the Sophists, who saw kairos as the ability to comprehend the subtleties of a rhetorical situation.Kairos is seen as the orators ability to correct to and take advantage of the contingent circumstances. champion element of speech rhetoric is The Audience, the psychological and emotional makeup of the hearers. The other is Decorum, the principle of apt speech. Aristotle identifies kairos as intrinsically 3 related to the time and space when proof must be delivered to the hearers. on that pointfore, speakers are to be aware of their newss AND be able to use up opportune moments to re-awaken the hearers. That moment, recognized, chosen and acted upon, is kairotic or inter dislodgeably, kairos.Kairos was not only dependent upon the approp riate timing and purpose, but also the appropriate nature of the situation, the approach, and the implications of what is cosmos impersonateed. These concepts are explained in detail in the book Rhetoric and Kairos Essays in Hi reputation, Theory and Praxis, Phillip Sipiora and James S. Baumlin. Modern day students of rhetoric are garbled by the word. S. H. notwithstandingcher who translated much of Aristotle noted that kairos is a Greek word with no single precise equivalent in any other language. (Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, 118).They cogitate that dig uping the spirit of kairos IS their area of study because the spirit of kairos is inbred to the practice of rhetoric. Even though kairos is a bit illusive, it is at the same time, alluring. The Greeks knew kairos intersected kronos time. Yet, what was the impact of kairos? For whom was kairos available? Did kairos opportunities reside for only a few? In Panathenaicus, Isocrates writes that educated people are those who manage well the circumstances which they run across day by day, and who possess a judgment which is accurate in meeting occasions as they arise and rarely misses the expedient quarrel of action. It was into this setting where the Apostle Paul engaged in kairotic interchanges in Athens on the Areopagus (also known as Mars Hill). Can you picture a intimate man, known and respected for his zealousness in seeking to destroy the followers of a new sect out of Jerusalem called The Way (Christ-followers), and who had the ability to stand toe-to-toe with philosophers, now directing his tenacity toward sharing the real meaning of opportunity? Heres one example Paul also had a debate with some of the Epicurean and Stoic philosophers.When he told them about savior and his resurrection, they said, This babbler has picked up some strange ideas. Others said, Hes pushing some abroad religion. Then they took him to the Council of Philosophers. Come and tell us more about this new religion, they s aid. You are saying some rather startling things, and we want to know what its all about. (It should be explained that all the Athenians as well as the foreigners in Athens seemed to spend all their time discussing the latest ideas. Acts 1718-21 only if a few short decades sooner this interchange, the Divine intersected the worlds kronos time with His reality of kairos. A unique kairos has dawned. It came in the flesh, delivery boy, the Christ. Time even kairos itself was devise to be redeemed. The Redefining of Kairos The New Testament writers reflect the evolution of the word by referring to kairos time as the salute moment, the defining moment, and even the beau ideal-ordained moments. Kairos is the time-frame for predict interaction and occurrences. 4 Mark 114-15 the time (is fulfilled)Kairos is a time which requires a change or reorienting. Luke 1254-56 the attest time Kairos is extraordinary time, requiring interpretation. The capacity to read the signs of the times the kairosand respond is an issue of faith. Luke 1944 the time (of your visitation from God) Kairos is a dangerous time. It is critical to recognize it, for if you go out it to pass the red ink pass on be immeasurable. thither is a slant or right tied up in the recognition of the kairos. Romans 1311-13 the time . . . the moment Kairos time is here.It calls for action and transformationa change of life. 2 Corinthians 61-2 the acceptable time Kairos is not just crisis but opportunity and favor. God assists us in discerning the kairosa moment of grace. Scripture writers accepted and leaned into the multiple dimensions of kairos The cleric reality of God and His ground that is available in each moment. Signifies a decisive moment of narration when an old world would die and a new age would be born numbers which transcend time (kronos), stirring emotions and realities to cause decisive action.These are moments that alter destiny seizing upon the crucial moment to perform accurat ely and skillfully in order to achieve a goal. A divine opportunity season or moment that one dare not miss. The apostle Paul knew the richness of reorienting the whole concept of kairos to the perspective of the Kingdom of God. (Kairos is apply 85 times in the New Testament and 30 of these are by Paul. ) The Greek and Roman gods and goddesses were capricious and dispensed broad(a)ish or ill arbitrarily. The pagan deities were constantly at odds. Who would bring clarity?As clearly as John Keating passionately urged, Carpe diem, Paul traveled throughout the Asia Minor teaching, and more importantly, living out the message exagorazesqai ton kairon literally, secure up the opportunity. The word buy up has its roots in the image of going to the market home plate and seeking to buy back, to take it off the market to redeem. The admonition seems to be clear people who live 5 in kronos time invite to intersect with the Divine in order to grasp the full power of kairos. Go and buy back opportunities Redeem them for goodEvery person needs to know the real kairos God-appointed time. Paul apply the exact same Greek words as he wrote to two different churches Conduct yourselves with wisdom toward outsiders, making the most of the opportunity. Colossian 45 NAS thitherfore be careful how you walk, not as unwise men but as wise, making the most of your time, because the days are evil. Ephesians 515-16 NAS Paul wanted people to understand that kairos did not coif in the form of a peering at a statute but in letting the eternal kairos, Christ, form more of your mind and subsequently your behavior. St.Ignatius Loyola wrote, in that respect are very few people who realize what God would make of them if they abandoned themselves into His hands and let themselves be formed by His grace. Our world needs to know the knowledge of the Heavenly mothers make do and the dream He has for every human being to be forevermore changed by His power and grace. In an motility to capture kairos for church-goers in the centuries that followed Paul, the easterly Orthodox Church Liturgy begins with this exclamation, Kairos tou poiesai to Kurio (It is time kairos for the Lord to act), indicating that the time of the Liturgy is an intersection with Eternity.It is difficult to measure kairos time. It flows allowing us to be in the moment. Erwin McManus, while never using the term kairos, speaks of a flow of time movements which move in a timely manner and waits for no one. Describing or capturing a kairos moment is fluid and beyond expression. McManus suggests I think we need to spend a day with Monet. He had a clear esthesis of what was hidden in a moment. Most of us think of a movement as something thats stationary, stagnant, and unchanging. We want to capture the moment and stand in the moment.If theres a moment you want to protect or remember you must take a snapshot. The genius of Monet is that he saw the moment for what it really was. It was as if he re ad the vocabulary and realized that the essence of the words moment and motion are the same. Monet was a master of light and movement. His paintings were blurred and obscure and yet beautiful and full of insight. If we could someone see life through his eyes, we would begin to see life as it really is. (An Unstoppable Force) Grasping the Depth of KairosOne doesnt catch up with kairos time rather one participates in it. Kairos time can occur during activity or stillness. It simply intersects with kronos time. Newbery-Award winning author Madeleine LEngle, outgo known for her childrens books, writes of kronos and kairos. She suggest that kairos can sometimes enter, penetrate, and break through kronos the child at head for the hills, the painter at an easel, the 6 saint at prayer, friends around the dinner table, the mother reaching out for the newborn are in what she calls kairos.Taking kairos a step further Jean Shinoda Bolen suggests, When we participate in time and therefore los e our sense of time passing we are in kairos here we are totally absorbed in the present moment, which whitethorn actually stretch out over moments. (Close to the Bone Life ill Illness and the Search for Meaning, p 86) T. S. Eliot (Four Quartets) ruminates in The Dry Salvages Number 3 For most of us, there is only the unattended Moment, the moment in and out of time, The distraction fit, lost in a shaft of sunlight,The wild thyme unseen, or the winter lightning Or the waterfall, or music heard so deep That it is not heard at all, but you are the music objet dart the music lasts. Could it be that one could get so caught up in kairos that kronos is truly transcended? At those moments one is at soul-level. The Kairos Call The notion of kairos is characterized by what Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, who survived years of imprisonment and exile in the Gulag Archipelago, calls knots, those decisive historic moments in which everything is rolled up and tied in a knot.In The Interpretation of History, Lutheran Theologian Paul Tillich do prominent use of the term, referring to kairos as those moments of crisis in history which create an opportunity for, and even expect, an existential decision. William Wilberforce forged the way for the abolition of slavery in England. George Washington accepted many kairos opportunities as general and president of a fledgling nation. Abraham Lincoln, the once uneducated country-boy, delivered one of the shortest, yet memorable addresses in American History on the Gettysburg Battlefield. As a determined leader of a war-torn country he concluded with this kairos challengeIt is rather for us to be here devote to the great task remaining before us that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion that we here passing resolve that these dead shall not form died in vain that this nation, under God, shall open a new have of freedom and that government of the pe ople, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 7 Winston Churchill, on June 18, 1940, gave a fiery-impassioned speech to the House of Commons that historians believe turned the billow of the war by winning a victory for human freedom.Seemingly thwarted on every front, Churchill knew that he was the one to make the clarion call Hitler knows that he will have to break us in this Island or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe whitethorn be free and the life of the world may move prior into broad, sunlit uplands. But if we fail, then the whole world, including the United States, including all that we have known and cared for, will sink into the abyss of a new bleak Age made more sinister, and perhaps more protracted, by the lights of deformed science. allow us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British conglomerate and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, This was their fines t hour. (www. winstonchurchill. org) The impeccable reality of kairos moments is that they are special, cosmic, and whether recognized or not, even divine. The hour is the God-given moment of destiny not to be shrunk from but set asided with decisiveness, the floodtide of opportunity and demand in which the unseen waters of the future surge down to the present. (Os Guinness, roughage Counts) Nothing is more critical than to recognize and respond to such a moment. Kairos Possibilities and Potential It is the very nature of God to give every human being multiple opportunities to seize high impact moments. These kairos moments are prosperous with potential and pregnant with possibilities. Whatever we may constrain, wherever we go, whatever we do, we should always be aware of what once was, what might have been, and what could well be again. (Os Guinness, God in the Dark The Assurance of Faith Beyond a Shadow of Doubt)Yet, with every opportunity comes a price tag. One cannot seize the day (or time) without choosing to not seize something else, which will un disbelieveedly have consequences. Jesus would speak frequently of counting the costs. peck who choose to seize the moments are less concerned about the sacrifices they are making than they are about the significance of their decision. The encouragement is to make decisions wisely. Think of the Old Testament story of Esther. Would she be open to seizing the day? Would she let her divine moment pass her by?She was a lone Jew in a pleasure seeker kings harem at the precipice of watching the potential genocide of her race when she was given this challenge by fellow-countryman Mordecai If you keep quiet at a time like this, deliverance for the Jews will arise from some other place, but you and your relatives will die. Whats more, who can say but that you have been elevated to the palace for just such a time as this? (Esther 414) She stood face-to-face with her God-given moment of destiny a kairos moment. Ja mes Emery White confidently exclaims, Kairos moments are never pragmatic moves to ensure a goddam life during our short tenure on earth.They are moments to be seized for the interestingness of eternity and the Lord of eternity. (Life-Defining Moments Daily Choices with the Power to alter Your Life, p 97) 8 In J. R. R. Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings (The Fellowship of the Ring), an elderly Bilbo Baggins offers to tolerate The Ring of Power into the Dark Lord Saurons domain. His intention is to generate it to the Land of Mordor, into the fires of Mount Doom from which it was forged. Yet he knew the temptation of the ring. So he said to himself, Bilbo the silly hobbit started this affair, and Bilbo had better finish it, or himself. His old friend Gandalf the wizard releases him from the task, If you had really started this affair you might be anticipate to finish it. But you know well enough that starting is too great a claim for any, and that only a small part is played in grea t deeds by any hero. The great starter of events, of course, is God Himself. And while the great deeds are not done by a few, but by many, the heroes are funk by their choice to take a stand. Through this decision they support a role in the great contest between good and evil between the movement of God and rebellion of the Evil One.Each succeed generation carries on playing its part in the great cosmic battle that will eventually be brought to a finish at the end of history. The question is whether we will choose to walk in the footsteps of the heroes who went before us. Its a daunting choice indeed. (James Emery White, Life-Defining Moments Daily Choices with the Power to Transform Your Life, p 85) Tolkien provides some clarity about kairos decisions throughout his epic. The hobbits, the elves, Gandalf, the Fellowship are all part of a metanarrative a story that provides framework upon which others experiences can be built.Each of us is afforded moments to take a stand, irrespe ctive of appearance (Frodo, the Hobbit) to position (Aragon, the king in waiting). Kairos moments can catapult a person into the very essence of life, which often comes with great consequences. Yet, it is there, in kairos moments, where we live the great drama of life. Maybe it is in those times when we feel most alive, most in touch with our eternal purpose. Make no doubt about it, these moments are not just discerned, they must be seized. Bilbos young nephew, Frodo, knew when the kairos moment was calling him. Thats the way kairos moments often present themselves.Challenges, calls, leaps of faith into the great unknown Though sometimes unexplainable, the call is unmistakable. Could there be a cosmic gong? At last with an effort he spoke, and wondered to hear his own words, as if some other will was using his small voice. I will take the Ring, Frodo said, though I do not know the way. Elrond raised his eyes and looked at him, and Frodo matte up his heart pierced by the sudden kee nness of the glance. If I understand aright all that I have heard, he said, I think that this task is appointed for you, Frodo and that if you do not find a way, no one will.This is the hour of the Shire-folk, when they arise from their quiet fields to shake the towers and counsels of the great. Who of all the Wise could have foreseen it? Or, if they are wise, why should they expect to know it, until the hour has struck? But it is a heavy burden. So heavy that none could lay it on another. I do not lay it on you. But if you take it freely, I will say that your choice is right. 9 Lets be very clear, the kairos call is sometimes very challenging. The responsibility of the Ring came upon Frodo unwanted, what seems to happen with kairos calls. Yet, the power lies in what we do with the kairos moment.Reflect on some interchanges between Frodo and Gandalf Frodo I wish the ring had never come to me. I wish none of this had happened. Gandalf So do all who live to see such times. But that i s not for them to answer. All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given to us. There are other forces at work in this world Frodo, besides the will of evil. Bilbo was meant to find the Ring. In which case, you were also meant to have it. And that is an encouraging thought. Frodo I am not made for perilous quests. I wish I had never seen the Ring Why did it come to me? Why was I chosen? Gandalf Such questions cannot be answered.You may be sure that it was not for any merit that others do not possess. (He was just a simple hobbit, after all. ) But you have been chosen, and you must therefore use such strength and heart, and wits as you have. The lading of kairos opportunities can bring consternation. They call us out of our comfort zones. Oh to have wise people, like Gandalf, who listen to our doubts and then remind us of the importance of seizing kairos moments and staying the course Kairos moments are well worth it. The Challenge Lets tweak John Keatings Latin ur ge to a kairos admonition Tempus Occasio Seize the kairos momentEvery human being is love by God and eternally valued. Every human being exists for only a certain amount of kronos time. Thousands of years before The Byrds popular, Turn (To Everything There is a Season), King Solomon wrote There is a time for everything, a season for every activity under heaven. (Ecclesiastes) The Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament, uses the word kairos to capture the writers intent. The question is, What will we do with our kronos moments? There is something beyond kronos. There is a time that impacts kronos with such intensity that it can alter the very kronos of a persons life.Every human being is wired with gifts and passions which afford opportunities to make unique impacts. While each of us writes the script of our life, we have been given extraordinary potential to make a difference. Tempus Occasio James W. Moore boldly writes, Kairos time is full time, vital time, crucial time, decisive time, Gods time those rich special moments that break into the tired and change your life those powerful dramatic moments when things seem to fall into place a new perspective comes, and God seems to be speaking loud and clear.That is kairos (Seizing the Moments Making the Most of Lifes Opportunities, p 16) Kairos and the stupefy Moment 10 The young struggling diabetic Shelby, in the movie mark Magnolias (1989) muses, I would rather have thirty minutes of wonderful than a lifetime of nothing special. Kairos moments are waiting to be grasped. There is no better time to apprehend kairos then the exact moment in time in which a person lives the present moment. Simply put, the old is over the future has yet to be written. We have the gift of the present moment in which to live.Will we seize the present moment or passively watch time tick by? The question is far from cavalier. It carries with it the nerve of a care-giver blended with the challenge of a coach. The options are simple but the consequences can lead to great complexities. Either we proactively seize kairos time or we, by choice, choose only to live in kronos time, which tempts us to reshape the past or lures us to bring unwarranted assurances to our future. The later is a tenuous place to live. It leads to limited satisfaction, feeds our control issues, and breeds a lack of contentment.Can you think of a moment in your life which brought great joy to you? Fulfilling a dream, falling in love, the birth of a child? If only that moment could be frozen in time. It cannot. That moment is in the past, a entrepot to which we add other memories which will form the legacy of our lives. That moment is to be remembered and celebrated. It becomes another stitch in the fabric of our lives. It dare not become the entire garment. Recently trine Detroit baseball players from an era long bypast by were featured guests at a local expo.These once starring(predicate) athletes, now plump old men , limped down the stairs to their booth for signing autographs. There seemed to be two types of autograph seekers that day those who wanted a symbol of some of the good ole years and those who were living as if the 84 Tigers just clinched the pennant. They donned jerseys and hats taking the concept of fan to another level. There was a difference from remembering the past and choosing to live in the past. Conversely, can you think of a moment in your life which brought pain or sadness? Was it a poor decision? Someone who hurt you?The loss of someone you love? If only that moment had not happened. It did. That moment is also in the past, and added to our memory. It too, becomes another stitch in the fabric of our lives. It dare not become the entire garment. How many people do you know who live in the past with such intensity that it drives their very decision-making? Rather than choosing to look on the past as a scar, they see it as a development wound. Some even choose to regular ly keep the wound open. That way they can actually use the wound as leverage for exercise or exacting some revenge.Others peel back the scar when it is convenient giving them a good excuse for not taking responsibility for their decisions. The old saying is true, He who ignores history is bound to repeat it. However, there is a great distance between knowing our past and choosing to live in the past. Philosophy majors spar over this concept. Therapists earn a living helping people understand it. It is the crux of how human beings, young and old, choose to live. Will we choose the present moment? This is very practical. let for instance, Brady Quinn, quarterback (2002-2006), The University of Notre hoot 1 Before coach Charlie Weis came to Notre Dame, Brady Quinns development was like a slow, steady drip. Quinn had arrived at Notre Dame as a highly touted quarterback However, he wasnt able to live up to the high expectations during his counterbalance two years in South Bend, IN. With one season of eligibility remaining, Quinn holds nearly every major Notre Dame single-season and career passing record. His improved play has much to do with the Irishs return to a place among the nations elite programs. (Michael Rothstein, ESPN. om, January 2, 2006) Charlie Weiss came to Notre Dames storied program as suburb playing-calling genius with three Super Bowl rings. His pedigree is helping young quarterbacks succeed to massive levels. In an interview, Quinn was asked to describe the zenith of his turnaround, he simply reflected, It all began when I started to believe the coach. What was the coachs oft-repeated mantra to Quinn? Forget the past. Ill worry about your future. Your demarcation is to live in the present moment. If its true for a twenty-something sports phenom judge the stakes from an eternal perspective.What if a person would simply choose to live, just live, in the present moment? Imagine a life of present moment living where authentic behavior is ho ned by the self-disciple, practice, and self-control of the soldierlike artist. Imagine what it would be like to make conscience efforts to let go of all our baggage childhood problems, prejudices, assumptions, interpretations, and projections and being responsive to the moment, appreciating the power of now. Present moment living is both spontaneous and responsible. (Spiritually Intelligent Leadership, Danah Zohar, Leader to Leader, No. 8 Fall 2005) The Bible has specific words for past moments, they are redeemable. I have redeemed you I have called you by take in You are mine Our Heavenly Father, through the power of Christ, offers a life of no-regrets. The slate is wiped clean and He restores in spades that which was lost. That leaves an ominous choice. Either a person can choose to live in the past, listening to all the loud voices which scream of rejection, failure, and unforgiveness or a person can choose to accept the truth which is, each person is eternally loved and Go d wants all people redeemed.Because Christ bought us back, we are offered a life of kairos, a way of life which is about buying back (making the most of) opportunities seizing these moments for the Kingdom of God. Tempus Occasio Kairos Opportunities People who choose kairos living as a way of life not only accept redemption they savour in all that it has to offer. They believe the past is really bought back and they are given a new lease at life. The past is a scar. Kairos people look at the scar and remember how much ameliorate distance there is between the present moment and that scar.They believe with more and more faith each day that God does indeed, make all things new. Therefore to seize kairos is to pluck all the grace the Heavenly Father offers and accept it through faith. Kairos people accept faith as a gift and deliver increase amounts of faith to people they meet. 12 People who choose kairos living as a way of life believe the future is really in good hands Gods hands. Jesus wasnt stretching the truth when he said, Dont worry about tomorrow. It is Gods design that we seek to swear Him with our future.Therefore, kairos people are people of hope. They actually believe the Heavenly Father wants to give them good things and do good things through them. Kairos people put their hope in the One who controls the future and in turn, seeks to deliver increasing amounts of hope to people they meet. People who choose kairos living as a way of life know the Heavenly Father loves them first and in turn, respond by loving God with all their heart, soul, and mind. They know the depth of love they receive and want to give it away to others, thereby, living out the Great Commandments of Jesus.Kairos people love God and love people believe that loving others is directly proportional to how much we love ourselves. Kairos people are people who love, radically and relentlessly and seek to deliver increasing amounts of love to people they meet. Tempus Occasio Conclusio n In the span of every human beings life there are kairos opportunities. You may not be standing in the hallway of a boarding school with John Keating whispering, Carpe Diem But you are standing on the precipice of other kairos opportunities. Tempus occasio You may not be a teenager who is seeking to understand the meaning of life.But you are invited to find purpose and power as you gaze into the face of the One who created you and calls you Beloved, offering you destiny-changing opportunities. Tempus occasio You may not be gazing into the pictures of those who lived a century ago. But you are invited to study the lives of those who have taken their kairos moments and transformed their world. Tempus occasio Are you ready for an adventure? If you listen real close, you can hear opportunity calling. Your legacy is ready to be written. Go on, lean in. Listen, you hear it? Tempus Hear it? Tempus Tempus occasio Seize kairos Make your lives extraordinary. 13

Global war on terrorism Essay

Serving my country is virtuoso of the bravest and greatest things I have done in my life. I was the get-go serjeant of clap 796 of the 14 military guard brigade. be the starting time sergeant was one of the most exciting p arntages I have ever done, yet toilsome and hard, with a lot of own(prenominal) responsibilities. The position is a bit dispute and demanding, so I had to be tough too. On a maven day, the things that you I had to do were many, with many people complaining that they can non get a hold of you. This might have been true, because of altogether(a) the jobs that had to be done.My job was people. traffic with peoples problems every day, starting from their health, welf atomic number 18, discipline, and morale to mention more everyplace a few was the order of the day. From the time that I started my day, sometimes as previous(predicate) as one oclock in the morning, having to track with peoples problems and at the same time complete my duties at the end of the day, was so tiring. Most of the time, I had little or no time to do the paper knead, as most of the duties involved outside activities. There was as well as no enough time spend with my family.The job requires that the needs of the country and the service be put before the mortalal needs. By doing this, I was able to enjoy the rewards of my military cargoner. I besides had to be skilled enough in matters associateing the army, because the position requires a person that is familiarityable enough. Therefore, a lot of learning was necessary, for me to meet the demands of the position. I was mobilized for globular war on terrorism on the July of 2006 up to January 2009. Our mission was to check off and to provide disciplined, physically fit, motivated, tactically and technically fit military police soldiers.The soldiers had to be familiar with the set of the army, and their character and conduct had to be pleasant, and reflecting the values of the military. In my experie nce as a first sergeant, one of my duties was to over see the smooth training of the soldiers in law enforcement duties. Some of the subjects that were taught were staple fibre law enforcement tasks, reports and reforms, responding to incidents, unarmed self defense, maneuver and mobility support operations and foe prisoner of war operations.I had to plug that the soldiers were familiar to and fully silent the concepts that these subjects taught. Since the first sergeants position is the one at which all units merge, at that place are several key duties that are attached to this position, including attribute formations, instructing the platoon sergeants, advising the commander and assisting in the training of the enlisted members. Relationship with the soldiers When the young soldiers to be first arrive at the training grounds, many of them are not cognisant of the reality of military training.They are not used to being shouted at and to obey orders, fifty-fifty when they d o not feel like. They are likewise not used to being woken up so early in the morning by an officer shouting so brasslike at them. For many of them, it is their first time to leave home, or to be a air from home alone for the first time to stay on their own. Despite these difficulties, they have to be treated in a appearance that will harden them. As a sergeant, I had to treat the soldiers in such a way that they will able be to survive, even at the worst conditions.They have to brook where they are asked to live, even when the land site is uncomfortable. However, these difficulties are imposed on purpose, to adjust the soldiers place to the military way of thinking. Furthermore, it makes it easier to impose self discipline, obedience, loyalty, military rules, military policies, etiquette and cede among other values and customs of the military to them. Some people opine that the military officers gain pleasure in qualification the lives of the soldiers difficult. However, f rom my experience, I would not say that this is true.They only adhere to the rules of the military, to train the soldiers both physically and psychologically, in order to tear apart the civilians, and build from scratch a dedicated, physically fit and a proud member of the United States Armed Forces. world in direct contact with the soldiers, and at the same time able to influence them for the better using your power is the key to earning their respect and to visualize them. This is one of the most importance things that the first sergeant has to do. Your influence is so important that it determines whether a company will fail or deteriorate.As the first sergeant, I had to take all the knowledge I had and stiffly pass it to the commanders of the units to teach it to the soldiers effectively, and at times training them myself. Being the first sergeant, you can only know if your efforts in training the soldiers have been effective through the bearing and the work of the soldiers. Normally, I had to make sure that my behavior, in particular when around the soldiers is at its beat. If a sergeants behavior is lousy, past the company will definitely copy that, and the results will be rotten soldiers.I similarly had to be completely involved and aware of every thing that goes on in the army, especially with the soldiers. This is why the position is so important, that most people refer to it as the livelihood or the contrast of the army. A sergeant is required to act as an exhibitionist, to display his stunning character to all the other members. Sometimes, it whitethorn be said or thought that he is boasting such a behavior is not egotistical, but it is required and can be viewed as a way of setting the example.Therefore, I had to ensure that my behavior is exceptional and outstanding. By doing this, it is assume that the members of the unit will want to be exceptional too, putting deviation their differences involved at a personal level, and work or li ve as brothers. As the duty of the first sergeant, I had to train the members of the units to the best of my interests, and be proud of them and their achievements. This entails praising the soldiers and talking proudly of all their victory and positive attitudes to different people.In my experience, I learnt that a first sergeants role is important, in that he should act as the loss leader for the soldiers success, and should he fail, the unit members may fail too. To key out the best of the soldiers, he needs to discipline them and be tough, to ensure their behavior is pleasant and acceptable in the military. He should also be a wise counselor, giving them advice whenever they need it. Being a provider is also a major duty of the first sergeant to ensure that they are comfortable. I also had to be a confidant to the soldiers of my company, listening to them and also being a friend in general.These are some of the aspects that fill the sergeant and the soldiers closer, to estab lish a close relationship comprising respect and concern to them. Relationship with the tribal chief A unique relationship comprising of respect and faith should exist between the sergeant and the commander. This relationship should not be the blood brother to buddy kind of relationship, but one based on the work values. In most cases, such a relationship with the overlord is not so common with officers of other ranks within the military.Being the first sergeant, I had to ensure that the will of the captain is carried out. When the first sergeant is given the prenomen during his appointment, then he is automatically given authority to pass his ideas to the captain, to ensure the learning of the soldiers is as effective as it can be. While advising the captain, I sometimes found myself arguing or disagreeing with him on several matters. This is where there the authority, professional relationship, past experiences, and loyalty with the captain was required.At times, there are si tuations when the captain is not as experienced as the first sergeant. This may lead him to disregard the advice given to him by the sergeants. There can also be times when the sergeants reasoning has saved the captains reputation, which signifies the important role of the sergeant as the advisor to the captain that failing to take the sergeants advice may lead them to making blunders that may cost them their jobs. In conclusion, I would say that the role of a sergeant is very important in the military training ground.Being a good leader, showing all the desirable characteristics, and above all things being able to interact with people of all kinds were some of the characters that channelise me. Otherwise, I would not have been able to execute the positions duties, and my job would have been a lot harder. Training the soldiers to the best of my knowledge for the sake of the countries safety was my priority, and today, I am proud of the service I gave my country. References 1) Milit ary, Global security. org, 2009, retrieved on 2/9/2009 from http//www. globalsecurity. org/military/intro/enlist. htm

Psycho Movie Paper Essay

One of the best aspects of psychotic is the outstanding television camera work. The plastic film is full of unexpected surprises that makes the consultation jump, pant or scream in surprise and fright. Hitchcock social functions constant shadow and depart out techniques that enhance the suspense and give rise to tension that variety and builds until it is unleashed in startling pop out scenes that leave the audience gasping. The photo effects, especially during the pip scenes, I believe made the movie.The scene where Arbogast decides to enquire the Bates household spell Norman is away and Normans draw pops out from the room and seemingly murders the unsuspecting detective is a broad example of this kind of camera work. The film also incorporates elements of the unknown exploitation shadows to keep up the mystery and suspense. The infamous shower scene where Norman Bates stalks into the bathroom as a shadowy figure that has come to murder Janet Leigh gives the audience a spine tingling feeling of fear and keeps the audience guessing as to who the real murderer is.The movie was also duck soup in black and white which adds to the eerie feeling. Hitchcock uses close ups of the actors, shot from risible angles to crete an uneasy feeling for the viewer. The scene when Marian is on her way bolt down the highway after buying her used car, she is filmed effort towards savoir-faire but the camera angle is mostly a mid-shot of her view driving the car. After the murder of Marion Crane, the camera zoomed up close to the face of the victim giving the viewers a frightening view of a abruptly person.The bottom line is that a curtain flying back and a helpless women in the shower being slashed to death while violins screeched violently in the background made many young teens of the conviction fear their bathtubs and showers. One of the greatest aspects of the movie was the endless string of patch twists and turns. Not only is the plotline immense, but i t is full of unexpected events, 360 degree turns and a myriad of suspenseful situations that keep the audience on the edge of their seats. unhoped-for events keep the plot rolling along like Marion Crane trail away and stealing money. The police officer that questions Marion when she was on the run streng and soed up suspense as it led the audience to believe that she baron get caught with the 4000 dollars that she stole. The dinner with Marion and Norman before she was murdered gave the sense that Norman was a weird guy who stuffed birds. Plot twist such as Marion Crane being suddenly murdered and Arbogast, the detective, who was close to solving the grapheme being unexpectedly murdered kept the audience guessing.The movie terminate with the huge surprise of Norman Bates mother, the leading suspect in the murders, tour out to have been dead for two years while her son, Norman committed the murders. Janet Leigh plays an excellent role as Marion Crane, who is on the run with 40 00 dollars in search of a new purport. The fact that she makes a stop at the Bates Motel adds blood and gore to the movie to make the must-see annoyance flick of its time. another(prenominal) thing that made Psycho stand out from other wickedness movies before it was the type of conflict that the film Horror films up to then had been mostly about man battling oversized or bigger than life monsters.This was just man against a little nerdy man. Hitchcocks Psycho was providential by the real life notorious serial killer, Ed Gein. The horror movie audience was used to seeing people battling oversized, non-human creatures such as Godzilla, Dracula, Frankenstein or the Creature from the Black Lagoon. Psycho was one of the first movies to use a psychotic person as the bad guy in a horror context. Psycho inspired movies such as Friday the thirteenth with Jason Forgees and Halloween with Michael Myers. Both of these classics followed Psychos storyline using the concept of a crazed man wi th maternal issues killing people with a man-sized knife.The movie, Psycho is a classic film that used innovative camera work combined with a fantastic plot full of unexpected twists and turns and a new type of villain to create a movie that would be used as a horror model for decades. Alfred Hitchcock was a genius who was not afraid to take chances and step outside the knock to keep the audience on their toes, or under their seats. Psych has stood the test of time. It was wide considered one of the best horror movies of all time when it came out and it has served as a model and stood up favorably since then.

Interpretation of “My Papa’s Wallet”

My Papas Waltz was written by Theodore Roethke, which is a stanza poesy with 16 lines. The narrator of the poem seems to be a young kidskin speaking about an experience with his drunken find. In this poem the start out came home after a night of drinking. As the father enters the signboard he grabs the child by the wrist with his battered hinge joints, which indicates that he plant life with his hands. Playfully knocking down the pans, the fret irritated gives them an unhappy frown. The verse escape is as follows, breath/death, dizzy/easy, pans/countenance, shelf/itself, wrist/missed, hinge joint/ heft, head/bed and garment/dirt.Its obvious that the rhyme scheme is abab/cdcd. The rhyming in this poem seems to imitate the ordered steps of the dancing of the poems title. However, it serves to show up the prosperousness that a person thinks of with the waltz. There is alliteration in every stanza, except in the resist stanza. Waltzing was has the recurring skilful of th e letter w, which has a calm sound (line number 4). There are other indications that the waltz sounds loud, but the alliteration makes waltzing sound calm and usual. Countenance/could have the sound of the frequent c which is a stanza with an exact sound (7/8). Hand that held is similar to the first stanza, which has a caring sound, hand. held, is a an extreme contrast with the battered knuckle and scraped spike (9). The hand that held is assonance. Still clinging to your shirt is another assonance. The word romped is a connotation of disruptiveness, which the dancing in the kitchen caused the utensils to fall from the shelf. The tone of the poem is joyful and playful, because it seems that the father and the son are having a great time.The five of import visits that appear in the poem are gustatory, aural, visual, tactile and olfactory. The gustatory calculate is The whisky on you breather which is indicating the whisky can be taste. The aural image is We romped until the pans indicating that the sound of the pans were so loud that the mother was upset. The visual image is My mothers countenance/Could not unfrown itself which indicates the look on his mothers face was full of anger. The olfactory image is also The whisky on your breath which indicates the child could smell the whisky coming from his breath. At every step you missed/My right ear scraped a buckle meaning the father is enthusiastic as he is waltzing in a fast pace (11/12). The narrator doesnt want the young boys ear to touch the buckle, so he used you trying to say that the father purposely lost control. Then waltzed me off to bed/Still clinging to your shirt the father is showing the son that he cares about him by pickings him to bed (15/16). He is also showing him that he loves immensely unheeding of what his son thinks. In the sons eyes his father is a hero and the behavior that went throughout the entire poem was full of love.

Tobacco Illegality

Making baccy plant Illegal The Fight That Should be Over I. tobacco plant plant is ever present in this modern society. It is a daily encounter, and little is thought of it. This encounter whitethorn be transitory through a cloud of warmer on the way to work, or stepping bulge outside to bullet a providedtocks, if a person so chooses. tobacco exclusivelytocks non be ignored with deal inhaling gauge by choice or non. In Smoke alarm, the article illustrates the dangers of inhaling secondhand smoke that is non right off inhaled, saying, Non weed gondola elevator carriages have to breathe sidestream smoke continually.This smoke, which does not pass through a filter, is burdened with twice the tar and nicotine, 50 times the ammonia and good much cancer-causing substances, like nitrosamines, than mainstream smoke, (Cousins). take in strongly affects the wellness of an individual in a negative way, and it affects the wellness of heap around a have carriage as well . As the wellness cause of sens be comme il faut increasingly well known, it is difficult to not acknowledge them and gestate bring through accordingly. Why then, do lot continue to smoke? The wreakictiveness of cig atomic second 18ttes is champion(a) case why. The nicotine in cig bettes is toweringly addictive. Medical experts say that it is as addictive as heroin or cocaine, (Kennedy). Once a person starts smoking, they constitute subordinate on it and it becomes more difficult to s natural covering and quit with distributively cigargontte they have. In turn, being physically and mentally reliant to a crossroad that so negatively impactions stars health leads to the deaths of well everywhere 400,000 people every year in the coupled States alone. That number is high than the deaths of automobile accidents, alcohol abuse, illegal drugs, AIDS, murder, and suicide combined (Kennedy).Our society has not lived without baccy plant though, as it may seem obviou s to do subtile the prostituteful make coupled with that staggering number in mind. The tobacco plant companies press out why all in their song. Tobacco is the countrys fifth-largest cash crop. The industrys revenues comparing with those of the aerospace and electrical-equipment fields consumers spend about the equivalent amount of money on cigarettes that they invest in radios, televisions, records and musical instruments combined.Excise taxes alone on tobacco add about $6 billion annually to state and federal coffers, (Cousins). With that probative of an effect on the economy of the linked States, living without tobacco would driveway an enormous impact on the people of the States. The tobacco companies have a stronghold in the economy of the United States and with certainty they do not want tobacco gone. But some an separate(prenominal) people make a strong push for tobacco to be out fair played as it has been in former(a) countries. A pattern of tobacco is the to the lowest degree they push for and that go has not been quiet. II.Edward Kennedy defines the fight against tobacco in his article The Food and medicate Administration Should Have the Authority to Regulate Tobacco Products. Senator Kennedy understands that the complete illegalization of tobacco harvest-tides is out of hand currently, and the best option he has is to allow for the regulation through the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This article utilizes the overwhelming impact that tobacco products and smoking have on the health of Americans and the dishonesty and the unlettered practices of the tobacco companies to prove why a regulation at the least is needed.Kennedy details in this article the marketing techniques that tobacco companies use in their advertising to attract rising smokers, the bent claims the the companies make and the concealment of information. Annually, the tobacco industry allow for promote its products using thirteen billion dollars. A large majo rity of that money is going for the crooked process to recrudesce peasantren to try smoking and get at hooked on it forwards they are even legally allowed to (Kennedy). With the seemingly infinite number of deaths from tobacco verbalize above, it is cruel that the companies would want this for children as well.Without anymore advertisement than there currently is, quadruple g-force children smoke for the first time this day which meat hooks twenty five percent of them (Kennedy). Tobacco companies have been proven to blot claims on their products that hold false information, and they naturally conceal the true dangers of their products from the consumers. all(a) of these wrongdoings show that there is a need for actions to be taken, and that action is a regulation. Kennedy in addition proves the need for an FDA regulation by presentation the horrible health effects smoking has on people. Six cardinal of the youth at once will give off from diseases tobacco has ca utilize , and that is over four hundred thousand every year. This number may be caused by the nicotine in cigarettes being as addictive as hard drugs (Kennedy). The levels are bland on the rise and that is early(a) earth why so many of the 40 million Americans hooked on cigarettes die out (Kennedy). commonwealth against the regulation, Kennedy says, say that the FDA should not regulate a product as dangerous as tobacco (Kennedy). It is just the opposite, however, because such a dangerous product needs more regulation to make it less dangerous.Something mustiness be make, because four hundred thousand deaths a year and four thousand new child smokers a day is also high (Kennedy). Overall, this article did an brilliant job of showing just why a regulation on tobacco is needed. The fight to regulate and toss out smoking in the United States should be much easier than what it is. The youth of America are being amend on the dangers of smoking so often that they should never think to take a single puff of a cigarette, but electrostatic so many do.As with unnumbered some other actions, the first step is the most authoritative one, and the decision to try a tobacco product could hurt them for the eternal rest of their invigoration. From that first step into the world of tobacco, the quality of the drug users behavior drops with each day. The tobacco companies will gladly accept this new victim into their deceitful world and clamp bring on their life story until its end. The hard effects tobacco has on the human body, the highly addictive nature of cigarettes along with the harm from other chemicals, and the danger that cigarettes pose show reason that tobacco should be disposened in the United States.III. Ultimately, smoking and tobacco products have a devastating effect on the eudaimonia of a human body no matter if an individual inhales one breath, or thousands of breaths from thousands of cigarettes. The short term effects are bad tolerable, but the long term effects rival those. The tobacco companies themselves do not even want to acknowledge these effects as they have shown in the past, and they are the creators of these problems. roll of tobacco cigarettes is linked to lung cancer and other types of cancer, mall attacks, cardiovascular disease, a decreased power of prescription rugs, and expect defects in infants (Cousins). Smoking join ons the users jeopardizes of having a heart attack and getting lung cancer. It is the top cause of lung cancer in the United States (Cousins). The lungs are not the all organ smoking affects, either. Links to cancer of the mouth, cancer of the larynx or cancer of the bladder have been found connected to smoking (Cousins. ) at that place is no winning with tobacco. Putting the extremely high numbers game of chemicals into ones body numerous times per day for many age cannot end happily. One-third of the deaths from cardiovascular disease, , are caused by smoking, writes Cousins a bout the other health problems of smoking (Cousins). If a smoker is fortunate and does not get cancer from smoking, they still have a much higher chance of having a heart attack in their future. While these ravaging events may not be fatal all of the time, they continually weigh down on the quality of a life a person is adequate to(p) to live. Smoking may affect the bodys ability to become healthy again from other health conditions or illnesses.In Smoke alarm, the author demonstrates this by pointing out, Some smokers require twice the quantity of certain drugs before they benefit from those drugs (Cousins). Talking about presription drugs, it shows that the body takes more medicine to submit the healthy benefits of the drug. This means more quantities of the drug need to be used to obtain the same effects as in a non-smoker. prescription(prenominal) drugs have side-effects, as all drugs do, so taking more of them maturation the risk of having the side effects.Tobacco enters all aspects of a smokers life and it should be banned because of the horrible health problems it causes the smoker. Furthermore, smoking has additional effects on women that prove its danger even more, and show reason for the exigency of a ban. The author shows this accessiond risk for women when he states, women smokers who use digest-control pills addition their chances of heart attack exponentially, (Cousins). A ban on suffer-control pills is highly unlikely, showing the solution for the problem being a ban on tobacco and smoking in order to protect women from these harmful effects from smoking.Additionally, smoking during pregnancy has somewhat adverse effects on the child as well as the effects it causes the smoker. The author illustrates the effects on the child when he says, Pregnant smokers substantially increase the chances that they will miscarry, induce foetal birth defects, bear their infants prematurely and have babies of low birth weight. They increase the likelih ood their newborns will die in the first month, (Cousins). This means that a woman should not smoke on birth-control, which could lead to more preganancies.If she smokes during her pregnancy, she raises her chances of having a miscarriage, have a child with birth defects, have her child too early and that are too small, or having her child die in the first month. Something needs to be done to stop smoking from harming more than just the individual who makes the decision to smoke, and the solution is making such a horrible product outlawed. The harmful chemicals in cigarettes and tobacco products are another reason why tobacco should be illegal. The staggering number of chemicals, some with no purpose other than harm, in cigarettes is disgusting.A smoker inhales thousands of these chemicals with every puff, and many stay in the body as the author reveals, about 1,200 chemicalschemicals also contained in chimney smoke and auto exhaustswould remain, (Cousins). The same chemicals found in cigarettes could be attained by inhaling the exhaust from a car, or from a chimney. A person might find that behavior odd, but it is the same as smoking a cigarette, and they continue that practice for years. One of these unchewable chemicals is carbon monoxide.This chemical is extremely bad for the human body as the author writes, One dangerous compound found in smoke from all cigarettes, whatever the level of tar or nicotine, is carbon monoxide. This grease-gun tends to bump oxygen from red blood cells and depletes the body of this lively element, (Cousins). The vital element is oxygen, and humans need it to survive. There is no advantage to set chemicals into a body that do the reverse the gains of one of the necessities of life. Perhaps the cudgel chemical in cigarettes and tobacco products, however, is nicotine.Nicotine is the chemical in tobacco products that makes the user addicted to it both mentally and physically as Cousins notes, Nicotine has been classified as an addictive or compulsive substance by growing numbers of scientists and institutions, including the National Institute on Drug Abuse, (Cousins). With this chemical in cigarettes, the smoker finds it more and more difficult to quit smoking and that is a reason that such high numbers of Americans are reliant on cigarettes as Senator Kennedy writes, Over forty million Americans are currently addicted to cigarettes, (Kennedy).With numbers this high, a ban must be put on tobacco. People are trying cigarettes when they are young, and nicotine works its black magic to notice them as lifelong customers as asserted in tobacco plant WARS, Because of the addictive nature of nicotine, very few of those kids who became smokers in middle school and high school quit by college, said Henry Wechsler of Harvard University, the author of the study, (TOBACCO WARS). Tobacco will not go away anytime soon as long as the tobacco companies want money, so serious and spry action is needed.The dangers that tobacco and smoking causes people does not stop with health effects. Cigarettes pose a great danger of fires and stultification. Cigarettes burn very easily, and a simple misplacement of a burning cigarette butt can lead to unrelenting fires and astronomical numbers in property damage as Cousins describes when he adds, Cigarettes cause 74,000 fires a year, in which 2,000 people die and 6,000 are burned. Aside from the midical cost incurred, the fires add $210 million to property remediation alone (Cousins).This shows once again the tremendous financial cost of tobacco as well as humanly cost in lives and medical guard. There is nothing safe about tobacco, and a ban must be put into place to give some safety endure to citizens. Tobacco is the most deadly product legal in America today. Anyone can smoke cigarettes, and anyone over 18 can purchase them. The law does little to stop the spread of tobacco all around the nation, so the ultimate step must be taken. Tobacco must be ille galized because it causes too much harm to the user, the people around the user, unborn babies and to people from fires.Without looking ahead to the future, the overwhelming high number of deaths is reason enough for taking action as mentioned in an article stating, The deaths of more than 400,000 Americans each year, 160,000 of them from lung cancer, make a strong case for the prohibition of tobacco, and particularly of cigarettes, (An disgust weed Tobacco). The education of this epidemic is not enough, it must be banned to save the lives of Americans and their children. IV. The largest opposition of a ban on tobacco and smoking is how it is such a great factor in the economy. Tobacco is a huge part of the agricultural industry in America.It is heavily relied upon by many people as Cousins conveys as he states, Tobacco is the countrys fifth-largest cash crop. About 500,000 farm families are hooked on the continued success of this industry, (Cousins). With half a million people d ependent on the crop as well as the economy of a nation, it is impossible to deny the enormous impact the removal of this would have on the nation. Nonetheless, tobacco does far more harm than it does good. For the half a million families dependent on it, there are another half a million each year who lose a loved one due to tobacco and smoking.There are other jobs out there that are not related to the deaths of so many, and those can be found easily. The inspection and repair the tobacco companies do for the economy and the government is overshadowed by the spending in health care that the government must do to combat the insalubrious effects that tobacco causes. So much money was needed to sponsor the nation with their smoking-related health costs, that the government went back to the tobacco companies for help. An agreement in 1998 shows this as the article writes, the attorneys general of 46 states signed a historical agreement with tobacco companies. he nations four large st tobacco companies will compensate $206 billion of 25 years to states to help pay for smoking-related health costs (TOBACCO WARS). Cousins shows the yearly cost of tobacco on health care in 1984 when he emphasizes, The cigarette industry costs the nation about $27 billion for medical care (estimated by the American Cancer Society) (Cousins). This shows that the health related cost and cost in human lives far outweighs the good that tobacco does for the economy of the nation. An additional occupation against the fight for the illegalization of tobacco is that it is the choice of the user.In the lay off country of the United States, the people should have the freedom of choice to do as they please with smoking. This free choice affects the safety of others who do not want to exercise this choice. Sidestream smoke is just as, if not more dangerous as inhaling directly from a cigarette. and people who have care for their health choose not to be exposed to this. The right to a safe environment is more in-chief(postnominal) than a persons right to smoke and Cousins compares this right to others as he notes, our freedom to do as we please has always been exceptional by our freedom to live in a safe society.Because spit can spread tuberculosis, we are encouraged not to spit in public places. We are not free to start gunfights (Cousins). Tobacco should be made illegal because the freedom of choice to smoke puts others at risk, and the intrinsic right of the pursuit of happiness is compromised when this safe environment for men, women, and children who choose not to smoke is ruined. Moreover, an argument against the fight on tobacco is that a ban on tobacco will increase the number of fatal alcohol-related car accidents.The reasoning is justified by research that shows that counties that introduce a ban on smoking in public places, have an increase in fatal alcohol-related car accidents. An article shows this claim in numbers when it states, The researchers a nalysed data from 120 American counties, 20 of which had banned smoking. They found a smoking ban increased fatal alcohol-related car accidents by 13% in a typical county (Unlucky strikes Smoking and drinking). This increase in accidents shows the strength of the nicotine in cigarettes because the smokers go anywhere where they are permitted to have a cigarette.While this number of deaths can not be ignored, it is still miniscule compared to the nearly half a million deaths that smoking causes comprehensive in a year. The way to stop this accident increase is a complete ban on cigarettes, which will save them the trouble of operate far away to smoke, because it will not be permissible to do this action anywhere, as well as the trouble of future health problems that are nearly inevitable with smoking. The tobacco companies may claim countless items in the attempt to keep their product prospering in the nation, but they have not faced the facts.The facts show that cigarettes creat e many other health problems, and no amount of economic help, free choice, or car accidents will stop these health problems from being an undeniable part of life for smokers and non-smokers. Tobacco and cigarettes must be made illegal to stop this terrible epidemic. V. Conclusively, the utter destruction tobacco and cigarettes cause on the bodies of millions of humans crosswise America the world show beyond any doubt that this product must be outlawed. Cigarettes cause severe health problems like lung cancer, other cancers, heart disease and a much higher risk of heart attacks.These effects account for almost half a million deaths in the United States each year. Cigarettes can increase the amount of medicine it will take to achieve the same effects in a non-smoker and in women it can significantly increase the risk of heart attacks when coupled with birth control pills. Smoking while pregnant can lead to birth defects, miscarriages, a premature birth or a low birth weight. Cigarette s contain deadly chemicals such as carbon monoxide which is found in car exhausts and nicotine which keeps a person addicted and coming back to smoke more and more cigarettes.This means they are inhaling more and more of the other thousands of chemicals found in cigarettes. Outside the body, cigarettes are a fire hazard. Thousands of fires are started every year due to cigarettes and this leads to even more deaths and health care costs. Still people argue that cigarettes should remain legal. They claim that because tobaccos status as the fifth largest cash crop in the United States and the fact that it supports thousands of families that it should remain legal. A product, however, that kills as many or more people as it helps is not beneficial for anyone.Another argument they throw out is that it is the smokers choice whether or not they want to smoke. They are correct because people can choose to harm their own bodies if they want. Smoking interferes with more than just the users b ody though. People die from secondhand smoke as well as from the fires cigarettes cause, so the harm is not limited to only the user and compromises the safe environment of others. Finally, people who are against tobacco illegalization say that banning tobacco will increase fatal alcohol-related car accidents.While the research shows that is true in the low number of places they sampled, it also reveals the power of nicotine and the need people have for smoking when they are introduced to this substance. The only way to stop this problem, and all of the monstrous health effects that smoking causes is to make it against the law. It is a simple fix for such a colossal problem that affects so many millions of people, and must be done immediately to save the men, women, and children held by the grasp of the devilish tobacco companies.