Exercise and Heart Essay

IntroductionAim decision out how representative affects the center of attention gait and respiration dictate. Hypothesis answer exists in discordent forms and has many benefits it improves the oxygen- assoiling capacity of the blood, development of bones, streng sos muscles and the lungs capacity rundown it crapper make you feel good. There are different crops and intensities for different benefits. Lower flashiness transactions are not designed to work the proboscis as hard. As a result less oxygen is requisite and less waste is in excess. However even low book exercises require much than substances to be carried out than if your body was in its relievering state. hence different concentrations of substances are compulsory for different intensities of exercise. In effect this affects your warm inwardnessedness and breathe outrank. (Jones & Jones, 1984) (Ross, 1978)Null Hypothesis Exercise has no effect on the center ordinate or animate rate.The overall ra te of the nubble and living increases during exercise. The heart beats smart, allowing blood to supply substances required by the cells to respire. Oxygen is needed to replace the oxygen lend oneselfd up in respiring cells, while at the kindred clipping the cells produce atomic number 6 dioxide that involve to be removed from the body. The heart rate increases to pump blood near the body quicker, ensuring oxygen is constantly dissociating from the blood to the cells. At the alike(p) time the breathing rate increases to increase the rate of gaseous exchange of oxygen and one C dioxide, and remove excess waste from the body as before long as possible. (Jones & Jones, 1984) (Ross, 1978)Exercise, although essential both for early, sudden muscle contraction ( a few proceedings ) and for prolonged, sustained exercise, muscle food stores are not enough. The contracting muscle must also take up glucose from the blood. (Ross, 1978, p. 705) oxidative exercises improve lung capaci ty. Exercising muscles need duplication oxygen, which is supplied to them by breathing unbendableer and more deeply. If you regularly do exercise which make your muscles demand extra oxygen, called aerobic exercise, this helps your respiratory system to become efficient at get oxygen into your blood. (Jones and Jones, 1984, p. 279).Risk assessmentChemical/Procedure Hazard vigilance* Stepping forward and on exercise touchstone * Slipping off step * Dry shoes * Appropriate support * Exercising * Pulling muscles * Feinting/brownout * Spraining ankles * Appropriate stretching before exercise * Supervised by professional * Dont force ankles onto the surfaces * Try to be light on the feet * Wide breadths of movement * Inflicting contact on other(a)s * Suitable space for force VariablesConstant Variables* Exercise step* Number of steps interpreted* sleeping boundary* People recording pulse and breathing rate* Temperature of room single- go pasted Variables* ExerciseDependent Var iables* partiality rate* eupnoeic rate order1. Record the pulse (preferably from the wrist) for 30 seconds of the person participating before exercise. 2. forked the number of pulses this gives an estimate of the heart beats per minute 3. Place hand on the lower back of the person participating before the exercise and count the number of times the person inhales and exhales in 30 seconds accordingly double it this is the breathing rate per minute. 4. These are the heart rate and breathing rate at rest.5. Explain to the musician the concepts of both exercises a. mute 20 Slowly climb onto and off the step for doing 20 steps in total. b. Fast 20 Climb onto and off the step as fast as possible for 20 steps in total. 6. After the participant has done the Slow 20 exercise, record the heart rate and breathing rate. 7. Stop the stopwatch and reset8. Next record the heart rate and breathing rate after the participant has undergone Fast 20 exercise however aliment the stopwatch run ning for an additional three minutes 9. At the end of the three minutes record the heart rate and breathing rates 10. Work out the averages of all the results11. Plot results in a suitable tableResults TableHeart RateRest Slow 20 Fast 20 3 minute rest76 107 130 72 live RateRest Slow 20 Fast 20 3 minute rest18 23 33 20AnalysisAs the intensity of exercise increased, so did the rates of the heart and breathing. After a small expiration of rest, the heart rate and breathing rate both decreased to a point close to their resting rate. This proved the stated hypothesis. First, the hearts average resting rate was recorded to be 76 bpm. The heart is therefore transporting oxygen and removing one C dioxide at a reasonably steady rate via the blood. During the low intensity exercise (Slow 20) the heart rate increases to 107 bpm, which further increases to 130bpm at a higher(prenominal) intensity level (Fast 20). The heart therefore needs to beat sudden to increase the speed at which oxygen is carried to the cells and the rate at which degree Celsius dioxide is taken away by the blood. Oxygen is required by the cells to carry out respiration, this provides the energy in the form of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) which is a molecule required for muscular contraction.As exercise takes place, oxygen is use to form ATP, which needs to be replaced. Carbon dioxide is also built up in the same cells due(p) to muscle contraction, and this excess CO needs to be removed. The breathing rate increases to increase the gaseous exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is breathed in through the atmosphere and diffuses into the thin walls of the alveoli, which then diffuses into the blood along the capillaries. The blood then passes the respiring cells and the oxygen it contains diffuses into the cells. At the same time, the excess CO diffuses from the respiring cells into the blood, along through to the alveoli and is breathed out. This maintains equilibrium in the body of oxygen and carbon dioxide. To create energy for physical efforts endure more than 1 minute, muscles need oxygen. The harder your muscles work, the more energy they need and the more you must suck wind to supply them with oxygen.Also, the more oxygen your muscles use to create energy, the more waste (carbon dioxide) they produce. Exhaling expels this carbon dioxide from your system. (Why Does Exercise Increase Heart Rate And Breathing Rate?, 2012) Blood is the vehicle that retorts oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide waste from the working muscles. To deliver more oxygen and remove more waste products, the heart pumps more blood. According to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), at lower intensities (up to 50% of your maximum cardiac output) your heart can partake the increased oxygen demand by increasing both heart rate and stroke volume (the amount of blood pumped with from each one beat). However, beyond 50% of cardiac output, increasing your heart rate in proporti on with your effort is your bodys only way to deliver more oxygen to the muscles. (Why Does Exercise Increase Heart Rate And Breathing Rate?, 2012) GraphEvaluationThe experiment was good enough to come upon results as the results were those predicted by the hypothesis. The experiment was carried out by five battalion at random in terms of height and weight, the individual weights were taken and the average result were used as the final result results used to be plotted onto the graph. The combination of random sampling and number of repeats increases the experiments dependability as it tries to keep the results obtained as much due to chance as possible. Also, because the results were predicted by the hypothesis it suggests that this data can be used to induce out what was being looked for the effects of exercise on the heart and breathing rates. Validity is therefore increased, adding more support for the experiment to be a suitable method for finding effects of exercise on t he heart and breathing rates.No anomalous results were found, the results followed the predicted trend, the reason for this result could be due to the nature of the body and how it counter reacts with the external influences on the tissues and organs. The secretion and prohibition of certain substances are essential for the body to sustain itself in a stable state during the effects of exercise.ImprovementsI would improve this experiment by using more accurate equipment to improve the accuracy of the overall experiment. I would run repeats to see if my results complimented each other to increase the reliability. The difference is I would run the experiment in the same way which may differ from other peoples subjective habits. More accurate equipment could make been used to improve the accuracy of the overall experiment.The heart rate is measured by finding the pulse of the body, a more precise method of determining pulse involves the use of an electrocardiograph, or ECG (also abb reviated EKG). mercenary heart rate monitors are also available, consisting of a chest shell with electrodes. The signal is transmitted to a wrist receiver for display. Heart rate monitors allow accurate measurements to be taken continuously. (Heart Rate, 2012)The breathing rate can be measured over a full period of 60 seconds to get more accurate results. Repeats using the improvements to accuracy of finding the heart and breathing rates would yield more reliable results.The exercise itself is real subjective to each person. Their interpretation of slow could be different to other people, which would affect the time it takes each individual person to take 20 steps. The exercise could then be controlled by suggesting a method to keep generalise the types of speed people would undergo during the exercise. For example, people could use numerate as a reference point for when they should stand onto or off the exercise step.Bibliography* Jones, M. And Jones, G. 1984. Biology The Pre ss Syndicate * Ross, G. 1978. Human Physiology Year take Medical Publishers * Why Does Exercise Increase Heart Rate And Breathing Rate? (2012)Breathing Rate & Heart Rate Online Available at http//www.livestrong.com/ bind/109267-exercise-increase-heart-rate-breathing-rate/ (Accessed 15 November 2012) * Heart Rate (2012) Measurement Online Available at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_rate (Accessed 16 November 2012)